feat(shared): add core domain types

Pod/Engineer, EngineerContext (live pre-push signal), Collision, and
Intervention — the type contract between frontend and backend.

Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 4.8 <noreply@anthropic.com>

shared/tsconfig.json

@@ -0,0 +1,8 @@
+{
+  "extends": "../tsconfig.base.json",
+  "compilerOptions": {
+    "outDir": "./dist",
+    "rootDir": "./src"
+  },
+  "include": ["src/**/*"]
+}